Why are solar eclipses studied?

The study of the innermost part of the corona – the Sun’s outer atmosphere, which is only visible during total solar eclipses – is key to answering fundamental questions about how heat and energy are transferred from the Sun to the solar wind, which is the constant stream of particles that the Sun ejects into the solar system. The solar wind can affect technology on Earth and astronauts in space, so understanding how the solar wind is accelerated on the Sun can help predict its impacts on our planet. (https://www.nasa.gov/podcasts/universo-curioso-de-la-nasa/todo-sobre-el-sol/)
Total solar eclipses provide an opportunity to study the Earth’s atmosphere under unusual conditions. In contrast to the global change in light that occurs every day at sunset and sunrise, a solar eclipse alters the illumination of the Earth and its atmosphere within a comparatively small region covered by the Moon’s shadow.
This localised blocking of solar energy allows us to study the effects of the Sun on our atmosphere, particularly in the upper atmosphere, where the Sun’s energy creates a layer of charged particles known as the ionosphere. Understanding this region is important because it is home to many satellites in low Earth orbit, as well as communications signals — such as radio waves and the signals that power GPS systems — and changes occurring there can have significant impacts on our technology and communications systems